Adolescent Gynaecology

Adolescent Gynaecology

Adolescent gynaecology focuses on the reproductive health needs of girls and young women from puberty through late teens. It covers normal pubertal development, menstrual problems, contraception counselling, sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention, and management of common problems like acne, irregular periods, painful menstruation, and vulvovaginal infections. Care is adolescent-friendly, confidential, and aimed at education, prevention, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment to promote lifelong reproductive health.

Symptoms and Causes

Common Symptoms

  • Irregular, heavy, or missed periods
  • Severe menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea)
  • Acne and excessive facial/body hair
  • Vaginal itching, discharge or pain
  • Burning or pain with urination
  • Concerns about breast development or growth
  • Concerns related to sexual activity, contraception or possible exposure to STIs
  • Emotional or body image issues related to puberty

Major Causes

  • Normal hormonal changes during puberty
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) causing irregular periods and acne
  • Vaginal infections (yeast, bacterial vaginosis) or poor hygiene
  • Sexually transmitted infections from unprotected sex
  • Eating disorders or rapid weight changes affecting menstrual cycles
  • Structural or congenital genital tract anomalies (rare)
  • Stress and psychological factors impacting hormonal balance

Treatments

Management is tailored to the adolescent’s age, symptoms, and diagnosis, with an emphasis on education and minimally invasive care.

  • Reassurance and education about normal pubertal changes
  • Menstrual regulation with hormonal treatments (combined oral contraceptives or progestins) when needed
  • Pain relief for dysmenorrhea (NSAIDs and supportive measures)
  • Topical or oral treatments for acne and hirsutism; referral to dermatology when required
  • Antibiotics or topical therapies for vulvovaginal infections
  • Evaluation and treatment for suspected STIs with appropriate partner notification and counselling
  • Contraception counselling and provision of adolescent-appropriate options (condoms, pills, injectables, or long-acting reversible methods as appropriate)
  • Referral for psychological support, eating disorder management, or specialist care when indicated
  • Vaccination (e.g., HPV vaccine) and education about preventive health

Prevention

Preventive strategies focus on education, safe practices, and early medical attention.

  • Open, non-judgmental education about puberty, periods, and sexual health
  • Promotion of good menstrual and personal hygiene
  • Use of condoms and safe-sex counselling to prevent STIs and unplanned pregnancy
  • HPV vaccination as per local guidelines to reduce risk of cervical cancer
  • Healthy lifestyle: balanced diet, regular exercise, and healthy weight maintenance
  • Early medical review for irregular cycles, severe pain, or abnormal discharge
  • Confidential, adolescent-friendly clinical services and mental health support when needed
High-Risk Pregnancy Care Normal Delivery & C-Section Infertility Evaluation & Treatment PCOD / PCOS Management Menstrual Disorder Treatment Laser Vaginal Tightening & Rejuvenation Cosmetic Gynaecology 24×7 Women’s Emergency Care
High-Risk Pregnancy Care Normal Delivery & C-Section Infertility Evaluation & Treatment PCOD / PCOS Management Menstrual Disorder Treatment Laser Vaginal Tightening & Rejuvenation Cosmetic Gynaecology 24×7 Women’s Emergency Care