Symptoms and Causes

Common Symptoms

• Irregular or missed periods
• Weight gain or difficulty losing weight
• Acne and oily skin
• Excessive hair growth on face and body (hirsutism)
• Hair thinning or hair loss
• Pelvic pain
• Difficulty conceiving
• Darkening of skin, especially around the neck and armpits

Major Causes

• Hormonal imbalance, especially excess androgens (male hormones)
• Insulin resistance leading to higher blood sugar levels
• Genetic or family history of PCOS/PCOD
• Obesity, which worsens hormonal imbalance
• Chronic stress affecting hormone regulation

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Treatments

Treatment for PCOD / PCOS focuses on managing symptoms, restoring hormonal balance, and improving fertility and metabolic health.

• Lifestyle changes including weight management and regular exercise
• Dietary guidance focusing on low-sugar, high-fiber foods
• Medications to regulate menstrual cycles
• Hormonal therapy to balance estrogen and progesterone levels
• Insulin-sensitizing medicines for controlling blood sugar
• Fertility treatments when conception is difficult
• Treatment for acne and excessive hair growth
• Stress management techniques

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Prevention

While PCOD / PCOS cannot always be prevented, maintaining a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce symptoms and risks.

• Eating a balanced, low-glycemic diet
• Regular physical activity and weight control
• Avoiding excessive sugary and processed foods
• Managing stress through yoga, meditation, or relaxation techniques
• Regular health check-ups and hormonal evaluations
• Monitoring menstrual cycles and seeking early treatment for irregularities